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A SERMON, 



PREACHED IN CHRIST CHURCH, PHILADELPHIA, 



JANUARY 14, 1834, 



AT THE CONSECRATION 



THE RT. REV. JAMES HERVEY OTEY, D. D 



EISHOP OF THE DIOCESE OF TENNESSEE ; 



GEORGE WASHINGTON DOANE, D. D. 



BISHOP OF THE DIOCESE OF NEW-JERSEY. 



PRINTED BY REQUEST, 




PHILADELPHIA 

W. STAVIII, 



MDCCCIXXIV. 



BV6T0 



Philadelphia, January 16, 1834. 

Rt. Rev. and Dear Sir, — 

The subscribers, Clergymen of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church, residing in Philadelphia, having heard with pleasure 
your excellent Sermon on the Episcopal Office, delivered on the 
14th, and believing that its circulation will do good, respectfully 
request that you will accede to the wish generally expressed for 
its publication, among those who composed your large audience 
on the interesting occasion, and especially by your Right Rev. 
Brethren officiating in the consecration, and by him who was 
then elevated to the highest dignity of the Church. 

Please allow us to be the means of giving this discourse to the 
public, and you will gratify, 

Rt. Rev. and dear Sir, 
Yours, &c. 

With respect and affection, 

W.H. DE LANCEY, 
WM. COOPER MEAD, 
GEORGE BOYD, 
CHARLES M. DUPUY, 
R. A. HENDERSON, 
JOHN RODNEY, Jr. 
H. J. MORTON, 
J. C. CLAY, 
J. W. JAMES. 



SERMON. 



" I CHARGE THEE, THEREFORE, BEFORE GOD, AXD THE LORD JeSUS CHRIST, 
WHO SHALL JUDGE THE Q.UICK AND THE DEAD AT HIS APPEARING AND HIS KING- 
DOM. Preach the word ; be instant in season, out of season ; reprove, 

REBUKE, EXHORT, WITH ALL LONG-SUFFERING AND DOCTRINE. For THE TIME 
WILL COME WHEN THEY WILL NOT ENDURE SOUND DOCTRINE ; BUT AFTER THEIR 
OWN LUSTS SHALL THEY HEAP TO THEMSELVES TEACHERS, HAVING ITCHING EARS ; 
AND THEY SHALL TURN AWAY THEIR EARS FROM THE TRUTH, AND SHALL BE 
TURNED UNTO FABLES. BUT WATCH THOU IN ALL THINGS, ENDURE AFFLICTIONS, 
DO THE WORK OF AN EVANGELIST, MAKE FULL PROOF OF THY MINISTRY." 

2 Timothy iv. 1—5. 

What hath God wrought ! How strangely does he bring to 
pass the purposes of his unbounded mercy towards lost and ruined 
man ! Uow wonderful, beyond all that history records, beyond 
all that fancy in her wildest nights dare dream of, the vicissitudes 
through which he leads his Church ! There is residing in Jeru- 
salem a Jew, of Tarsus, in Cilicia, a tentmaker by trade. A 
Pharisee in doctrine, and a zealot by his natural temperament, 
he engages with his whole soul in the persecution of His disciples 
whom the Pharisees had crucified. But God, " who is rich in 
mercy,"* has better things in store for him. Hastening to Da- 
mascus, on an errand of vindictive rage against the Christians, he 
is miraculously arrested in his course. He believes in Jesus, 
whom before he persecuted. He becomes the preacher of " the 
faith which once he destroyed."! He is sent as " an Apostle, not 
of man, nor by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father,''^ 
to bear his " name before the Gentiles, and kings, and the chil- 
dren of Israel."§ 

A generation passes by. The young man, who kept the clothes 
of them who stoned the saintly Stephen, || is long since " Paul the 
aged."H Through Judea, Syria, Asia Minor, Macedonia, Greece, 
Italy, and •* to the utmost bounds of the west,"** he has " gone 
preaching the kingdom of God."ff His labours are now ended. 

* Ephesians ii. 4. t Galatians i. 23. j Galatians i. 1. $ Acts ix. 15. || Acts vii. 58. 
T Philemon 9. ** Epistle of St. Clement to the Corinthians, sec. 5. tt Acts xx. 25. 



He has fought the good fight. He has finished his course. He 
has kept the faith.* " The prisoner of the Lord," he now 
awaits in Nero's dungeon the triumph of his faith and patience 
in the passage to his glorious martyr's crown. 

But, though in chains himself, the word of God cannot be 
bound.f From the damp and darkness of that Roman prison, it 
goes forth to distant Asia Minor. By the shore of the ^Egaean sea 
there is a young man, born in Lystra of Lycaonia, by parentage, 
half Greek, half Jew,J on whom the spirit of the Apostle with 
his office has descended. It is to him, the dearly beloved Timothy, 
his own son in the faith, his successor in the oversight of the 
Ephesian elders, that the latest message of his care for all the 
Churches is addressed, — charging him before God, and the Lord 
Jesus Christ, to preach the word, to do the whole work of an 
Evangelist, and to make full proof of his apostolic ministry. 

From the date of this epistle,§ more than seventeen hundred 
years have rolled away. Paul and Timothy have joined " the 
noble army of martyrs." The dynasty of the Caesars has left 
scarcely a single vestige beyond its record on the roll of history. 
Rome, from the mastery of the world, has dwindled into helpless- 
ness and dependence. Instead of magnificent Ephesus, the tra- 
veller hardly finds a few mean huts, hid among bushes and ruins. 
And yet, here are we, three thousand miles beyond what was 
then deemed "the utmost bounds of the west," rejoicing in the 
blessed shadow of the Church which Apostles planted, — the letters 
which Paul wrote are before us, as fresh, and as instinct with 
fire from heaven, as when they first fell from his inspired pen, — 
the office which Timothy, by the laying on of Paul's hands,|| 
held and exercised, is transmitted, in an unbroken line, entire 
and perfect, to our time, — and when, from a thousand miles still 
farther west,l[ a presbyter, such as Paul sent for to Ephesus,** is 
commended to us by the Church, to receive the authority which 
Titus had in Crete, " to set in order the things that are wanting, 
and to ordain elders in every city,"ff we find in the letter which 
Paul wrote, from Nero's prison in Rome,JJ to Timothy at 



* 2 Timothy iv. 7. t 2 Timothy ii. 9. I Acts xvi. 1. $ A . D. 65. || 2 Tim. i. 6. 

IT The sentiment of Ignatius, in his epistle to the Ephesians, (sec. 3,) seems beautifully 
prophetic, — "The Bishops, appointed unto the utmost bounds of the earth, are by the will of 
Jesus Christ." 

** Acts xx. 17. ft Titus i. 5. ft 2 Timothy i. 8, 16; ii. 9. 



Ephesus,* the warrant of our office, and the theme of our ex- 
hortation. 

My Christian brethren. M what hath God wrought !"y How 
strangely, while all that is mortal, that is human, that is earthly, 
perishes from the earth, does he preserve, establish, and extend 
his Church ! How wonderful the providence, how unsearchable 
the riches of that grace, which, in the completion of its plans for 
saving ruined man, brings together, as one in Jesus Christ, the 
distant and dissimilar, — deals with a thousand years as with a 
single day. — identifies, in apostolic order, as well as in evangelical 
truth, the Church in Ephesus with the Church in Tennessee, — 
and, by the holy hands of that venerable father,^ in whose pre- 
sence with us here we all rejoice, extends throughout an empire 
far greater than all that the Apostles traversed, and perpetuates, 
we trust, to children's children. ; - an inheritance for ever," the 
ministry, the discipline, and the worship of the Church which 
Christ established in the earth ! 

For the extension of a plan so truly wonderful in its origin, in 
its prosecution, and in its permanence, we are assembled here to- 
day. An extensive portion of the vineyard of the Lord awaits 
the completion of its ecclesiastical organization. The chain of 
apostolic succession, as it exists in the American Church, is to be 
extended by the addition to it of another link. A shepherd of 
souls is to be sent out, to gather into the fold, and guard from 
grievous wolves. Christ's sheep which are dispersed abroad. A 
Bishop is to be consecrated in the Church of God. 

* Compare 2 Timothy iv. 19. Acts sviii. 19. t Numbers rsiii. 23. 

: By the singular and merciful providence of God, the Right Reverend William White, 
D. D., who, on the fourth day of February. 1757. was consecrated Bishop of the diocese of 
Pennsylvania, in the Chapel at Lambeih, by Dr. Moore, Archbishop of Canterbury; Dr. 
Markham, Archbishop of York, Dr. Moss, Bishop of Bath and Wells, and Dr. Hinchlifl, 
Bishop of Peterborough, being present and assisting, still survives, in the 86th year of hia 
age, and 47th year of his episcopate, the presiding Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church in the United States of America, and was the consecrator on this occasion. 
Bishop Onderdonk, of Pennsylvania, Bishop Onderdonk, of New- York, and Bishop Doane» 
of New Jersey, were present and assisting. 



The Office of a Bishop, then, — 

I. Its nature, 

II. Its objects, 

III. Its duties, and 

IV. Its responsibilities, — 

becomes the fitting topic of discourse. Involving, as it does, con- 
siderations the most interesting, and claims the most momentous, 
that can be held or made on earth, and taking in, in its results, 
eternity and heaven, will you not favour me, my Christian 
brethren, with your attention, and succour me with your prayers, 
while, in the pure and steady light of Scripture, I attempt its 
candid investigation ? And thou, " O holy Jesus, who hast pur- 
chased to thyself an universal Church, and hast promised to be 
with the ministers of apostolic succession to the end of the 
world,"* be with thy servants now, that what shall be spoken 
and done here this day, being accompanied by thy grace, and 
crowned with thy blessing, may be acceptable in thy sight, 
accelerate the triumphs of thy holy Apostolic Church, and, in the 
salvation of many souls, promote thy glory, who, with the Father, 
and the ever-blessed Spirit, art one in the eternal Godhead ! 

I, The office of a Bishop cannot be better defined, than in the 
words of excellent Bishop Ball, — " Now we take Episcopacy, as 
it is thus punctually differenced, in an eminence from the two in- 
ferior orders of presbyter and deacon, so as to define it thus, — 
* Episcopacy is an eminent order of sacred function, appointed by 
the Holy Ghost, in the evangelical Church, for the governing 
and overseeing thereof; and, for that purpose, besides the admi- 
nistration of the word and sacraments, endued with pow r er of im- 
position of hands, and perpetuity of jurisdiction.' "f 

Of this definition, we take these to be the points, to be referred 
severally to Scripture for proof and illustration ;— that there are 
three orders of " sacred function," or of the ministry, Apostles 
and their successors, known as bishops ; presbyters, or elders, 
called in the time of the Apostles, bishops ; and deacons, — that of 

* Prayer in the Institution service, t Episcopacy by Divine Right- 



these, " episcopacy," or the office of a Bishop, is the " eminent 
order," — endued with power of imposition of hands, and jurisdic- 
tion, — and this, perpetually, — for the governing and overseeing of 
the evangelical Church, — and that all this is by appointment of 
the Holy Ghost. 

1. " That from the Apostles' time there have been these orders 
of ministers in Christ's Church, — bishops, priests, and dea- 
cons" the Church, in the preface to the Ordinal, declares " is 
evident unto all men, diligently reading Holy Scripture and 
ancient authors." Our present reference is to Holy Scripture 
alone. " Paul and Timotheus"* — the one an Apostle, the other 
having the power of ordination, or a proper Bishop, — address 
themselves, as " servants of Jesus Christ," " to all the saints in 
Christ Jesus, which are at Philippi, with the bishops," then the 
interchangeable appellation of presbyters,-\ or elders, " and the 
deacons" Here are certainly three orders. — Paul, an Apostle, 
writing to Timothy, who is elsewhere called an Apostle also,J 
gives him particular directions as to an order of ministers whom 
he calls bishops, (the same who, in another place, are called elders, 
or presbyter •«?,)§ and also as to an order inferior|| to them, whom 
he calls deacons. Here, certainly, are three orders. 

2. That of these, the Episcopal, called at first, the Apostolic, 
is " the eminent order," appears from what has been already 
stated, and from the whole tenor of the Acts, and all the succeeding 
portions of the New Testament. It was Paul, an Apostle, who sent 
to Ephesus, and called the elders of the Church. It was James, 
an Apostle, who, when the Church at Jerusalem were assembled 
in council, gave sentence.^! It was Paul, and Peter, and James, 
and John, and Jude, Apostles, who, moved by the Holy Ghost, 
composed the several canonical epistles. And, finally, it is to the 
Angels, Messengers, or Bishops of the Asiatic Churches, (Ephesus, 
to which Timothy was sent, with authority over presbyters and 
deacons, being one,) that St. John, in the Revelations, addresses 
himself, — " unto the Angel of the Church at Ephesus write," — 
" thou hast tried them which say they are Apostles, and are not 
and hast found them liars."** 

* Philippians, i. 1. t The elders (presbyters) of Ephesus, Acts, xx. 17, are, in verse 28 
called overseers, literally bishops. \ Compare 1 Thess. i. 1, with ii. 6. § Acts, xx. 17. 
II 1 Timothy, iii. 13. IF Acts, xv. 19. ** Revelations, ii. 2. 

B 



10 

3. That the Episcopal, or " eminent order" the Apostles first,. 
and then the Bishops, were endued with power of imposition 
of hands, and juris diction , may easily be shown. The Apostles, 
by imposition of their hands,* ordained Stephen, Philip, and others, 
the first deacons of the Church, whom we afterwards find preach- 
ing and baptizing.f Paul and Barnabas, Apostles, ordained them 
elders in every Church. J The gift of God which was in Timothy, 
was in him by the putting on of Paul's hands.§ And both he and 
Titus had received from Paul the double power of ordination 
and jurisdiction; — the commission to the latter being, "for this 
cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldst set in order the 
things which are wanting, and ordain elders in every city, as I 
had appointed thee,"|| — and the injunction to the former being, 
" lay hands suddenly on no man ;"TT " against an elder receive 
not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses;"** " let these 
also be first proved, then let them use the office of a deacon, being 
found blameless."ft 

4. The power thus given to the Episcopacy, or highest order in 
the ministry, was designed to be perpetual by succession. Jesus 
said to the eleven, " all power is given unto me in heaven and in 
earth. Go ye, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, bap- 
tizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of 
the Holy Ghosf'JJ And again, " as my Father sent me, even so 
send I you."§§ And again, " I am with you always, even unto 
the end of the world."|||| And, to the same purport, Paul to 
Timothy, " the things which thou hast heard of me among many 
witnesses, the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able 
to teach others also ;"HU " to the intent," says the same Apostle, 
writing to the Ephesians, " that now unto the principalities and 
powers in heavenly places might be known by the Church, the 
manifold wisdom of God,"*** " unto him be glory in the Church 
by Christ Jesus, throughout all ages, world without end."fff 

5. The governing and overseeing of the Church, thus to be per- 
petuated through its instrumentality, is an obvious purpose of 
the office of a Bishop. Paul, at Miletus, sent to Ephesus, and 

* Acts, vi. 6. t Acts, viii. 38, 40. } Acts, xiv. 23. § 2 Timothy, i. 6. || Titus, i. 5. 
IT 1 Timothy, v. 22. ** 1 Timo. v. 19. tt 1 Timo. Hi. 10. # St. Matthew, xxviii. 19. 
The marginal reading offers, as, in the opinion of the translators, equally near the original 
with the word " teach," which is in the text—" make disciples, or Christians, of all na- 
tions, baptizing them," $c. % St. John, xx. 21. |||| St. Matthew, xxviii. 20. TV 2 Timo 
ii. 2. *** Ephesians, iii. 10. ttt Ephesians, hi. 21. 



11 

called the elders of the Church,* that he might instruct and ex- 
hort them how to discharge their pastoral office in his absence. 
Five years after, he writes to Timothy, whom he had besought 
still to abide at Ephesus,f evidently with Episcopal charge of 
these same elders, giving him particular directions, not only for 
ordination, but for the government of bishops or elders, deacons, 
widows, and the whole Church, — to " lay hands suddenly on no 
man ;"J to prove those who were to be deacons, before admitting 
them to that office :§ against an elder to receive no accusation, 
unless sustained by two or three witnesses ;|| and to "charge 
some" (ministers of course,) " that they teach no other doctrine."lf 
While to Titus, the commission is, if possible, still more explicit, 
" for this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order 
the things that are left undone," or complete, after the Apostolic 
order, the organization of the Church in Crete, " and ordain elders 
in every city, as I had appointed thee ;"** " a man that is an here- 
tic, after the first and second admonition, reject ;"f\ " these things 
speak, and exhort, and rebuke with all authority."JJ 

6. It remains only to show, what scarcely needs a word in 
illustration, that what was so done was done by appointment 
of the Holy Ghost. It was " through the Holy Ghost," St. Luke 
tells us, that Jesus, before his ascension, gave commandment to 
" the Apostles whom he had chosen."§§ They were expressly 
told by Jesus himself, that they should receive power after that 
the Holy Ghost had come upon them.|||| On the day of Pentecost, 
the exalted Saviour shed upon them the promised Spirit, w r hich 
he had received of the Father ;THf and from that day forward they 
went out preaching the Cross, and setting up the Church of the 
Lord Jesus, by the mighty power, as with the express warrant of 
the Holy Ghost. It was the Holy Ghost which commanded that 
Barnabas and Saul should be separated unto the work whereunto 
he had called them.*** Paul and the rest were silent in Asia, be- 
cause the Holy Ghost had forbidden them to preach the word.fff 
It is the Spirit which divideth to every man severally, as he will, 
the ordinary and ecclesiastical, as well as the extraordinary gifts 
of grace. JJ J That good thing which was committed unto Timothy 
by the imposition of Paul's hands, he was to keep by the Holy 

* Acts, xx. 17. 1 1 Timo. i. 3. %l Timo. v. 22. $ 1 Timo. iii. 10. || 1 Tima v. 19. 
T 1 Timo. i. 3. ** Titus, i. 5. tt Titus, iii. 10. ft Titus, ii. 15. $$ Acts, i. 2. 
Illl Acts, i. 8. IH Acts, ii. 33. *** Acts, xiii. 2. ttt Acts, xvi. 6. ttt 1 Cor. xii. 11. 



12 

Ghost which dwelt in him.* And, finally, the constantly repeated 
sanction which urges upon the Angels or Bishops of Asia Minor, 
the message which John, in the Spirit, received for them, is in 
these solemn words, " He that hath an ear, let him hear what 
the Spirit saith unto the Churches, "f Who, with these examples 
before him, will believe that in any thing connected with the 
organization of the Church, the Apostles acted without the Spirit 1 
" Wherefore let us not fear" with matchless Richard Hooker, " to 
be herein bold and peremptory, that if any thing in the Church's 
government, surely the first institution of Bishops was from hea- 
ven, was even of God : the Holy Ghost was the author of it." J 
If it, indeed, be so, — let the question be well weighed, with due 
regard of all the consequences which it involves ! — if it, indeed, 
be so, who else but God could change it 1 And who can show the 
record that God ever did? So far from it, there never was, for 
fifteen hundred years, the shadow of a claim that it was so. 
" We require you to find," says Richard Hooker, — a challenge 
which has remained two hundred years unanswered, — " we re- 
quire you to find out but one Church upon the face of the whole 
earth, that hath not been ordered by Episcopal regiment, since 
the time that the blessed Apostles were here conversant."§ And, 
though departures from it since the time of which he spoke have 
been but too frequent and too great, " Episcopal regiment" is still 
maintained as Christ's ordinance for the perpetuation and govern- 
ment of his Church, and is received as such by eleven-twelfths of 
the whole Christian world.|| 

II. It is our lot, my Christian brethren, to see most miserably 
fulfilled the prediction which Paul uttered in the text. Enjoin- 
ing on his beloved disciple, now the Bishop of the Ephesian Church, 
to perform diligently the functions of his office, and earnestly to 
feed the flock of Christ, he enforces his exhortation by this melan- 
choly presage of the coming times, — "for the time will come 
when men will not endure sound doctrine; but, having itching ears, 
they shall heap to themselves teachers after their own lusts; and 
they shall turn away their ears from the truth, and shall be turn- 
ed unto fables." Brethren, is it not so ? Has not the time pre- 
dicted, fully come ? Are not our ears compelled to hear, our eyes 

* 2Timo. i. 14. t Revelations, ii. 11. X Ecclesiastical Polity, Book vii. $ 5. $ Ec- 
clesiastical Polity, Preface, §4- I! Churchman's Almanac for 1834, p. 36. 



13 

to see it ? Has it not now come to pass that men " will not endure 
sound doctrine V* Do they not " turn" wilfully " away from the 
truth," and turn "unto fables?" Are they not led captive by 
their "itching ears?" And do they not "heap to themselves 
teachers after their own lusts?" — Is there a point of sound doc- 
trine that is not in its turn, rejected and denied, — the divinity of 
the Saviour, the guilt of man, the atonement for all sin in the 
blood of Jesus, justification by faith in his sole merits, the neces- 
sity of renewing grace, the eternity of future punishment ? Is there 
an ordinance or institution of the Spirit of truth, that has not been 
by some of the countless companies, who call themselves His fol- 
lowers who revealed but " one faith"* for justification unto salva- 
tion, and but " one baptism"* for the remission of sins, neglected 
or set aside, — by some, both the sacraments ; by others, the minis- 
try of the Episcopal succession; by others, a ministry in any form ; 
by others still, the whole order and substance of the Church? Is 
there a fable so absurd or monstrous that it does not somewhere 
find acceptance among Christians, — the wild reveries of Camp- 
bellism, the fooleries of the "Tongues," the golden book of 
Mormon? Are not ears that. itch for the beguiling artifices of 
popular preaching, so called, continual temptations to injury and 
error, — leading men astray from the true objects of public wor- 
ship, creating a distaste for sound instruction and practical reli- 
gion, seducing some away from the fold of the Church, and 
others to stray from pastor to pastor, dividing families, disturbing 
parishes, destroying Christian unity and love ? And are not the 
teachers which men thus heap to themselves, " teachers after their 
own lusts," — prophets of " smooth things,"| prophesying deceits, 
who magnify a boasted liberality, too often at the expense of order 
and uniformity, if not of truth and principle, who become " all 
things to all men,"J in a sense which St. Paul never had in con- 
templation 1 

For such misrule, confusion, and corruption of the truth, what is 
the proper remedy ? With men so drawn from their duty and their 
happiness, what influence shall prevail ? In a time so pregnant 
with evil, what shall be our resort ? To the prescription, I reply, 
which St. Paul adopted. Send Timothy, send Titus to them, — to 
" charge some that they teach no other doctrine," " him that is an 
heretic, after the second admonition, to reject," to " strengthen the 
things which remain, "§ to supply and "set in order what is want- 

* Ephesians, iv. 5. t Isaiah, xxx. 10. J 1 Corinthians, ix. 22. $ Revelations, iii. 2. 



14 

ing. " In other words, restore the Apostolic doctrine. Reorganize 
the Apostolic institution. Bring back that blessed Gospel, which 
has been so neglected and perverted, to the place in which the 
Saviour set it, in his holy Church. Extend every where, establish 
every where, that divine institution of Episcopacy, " which 
Christ planted in the first founding of Christendom, which the 
Holy Ghost watered on the day of Pentecost, and to which we 
are confident" — I use the words of Bishop Taylor,* — " that God 
will give an increase by a never failing succession, unless where 
he removes the candlestick, or takes away the star, that," for the 
punishment of men's sins, " it may be enveloped in darkness." Yes, 
since the departure from the Apostolic regiment, bringing strife 
and confusion, and every evil work into the family of the Lord, 
has been the cause of its dissension and perversion, let the resto- 
ration of peace and unity be sought in the return to the ordinance 
of the Spirit. Let the Christian Bishop be sent out, to " preach 
the word" of truth himself, not only, but to cause that others 
preach it also ; not only to " lay hands suddenly on no man," but 
to see that those on whom hands have been laid are faithful in 
their Master's work ; to " watch in. all things" for the flock of 
Christ ; to * reprove, rebuke, exhort" with all authority ; to " do" 
in every thing " the work of an Evangelist," and " make full 
proof," in all its parts and duties, " of his" high and holy " ministry." 
What, then, I shall be asked, is there some charm in this Episco- 
pacy that is to work these wonders? — Yes, I reply, the sovereign 
charm of right reason, due authority, and the divine blessing. For 
who that ever looked intelligently into the Scriptures, failed to find 
that the plan of salvation is every where set forth as a covenant; 
in which God, by his representatives, — first, " the one mediator 
between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,"f then by His am- 
bassadors, clothed by Him, as John relates, with plenary power, — 
" as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you" — offers, through 
faith in his Son, pardon, adoption, and salvation; and, to the true 
believer, seals and pledges them for ever? Now, who that 
has not this authority can exercise it? Who can have it that 
has not received it from Christ? To whom else did Christ 
ever give it, but to the Apostles and their successors ? — " go ye, 
and make disciples of all nations" — " lo, I am with you always, 
even unto the end of the world," — " whose soever sins ye remit, 
they are remitted unto them, and whose soever sins ye retain, 

* Episcopacy Asserted, sec. 10. 1 1 Timo. ii. 5. 



15 

they are retained."* " Is God a man, that he should lie, or the son 
of man, that he should repent ? Hath he said, and shall he not do 
it ? Hath he spoken, and shall he not make it good V*\ Will he not 
bless his own institutions ? Or, can they who depart from his in- 
stitutions expect his blessing? Abana and Pharpar, though rivers, 
are not the river of Jordan.J The opinion of the most learned 
member of the bar, is not the decisive sentence of the judge.§ The 
holiest of men can have no authority to represent God, unless 
" called of God, as was Aaron ;"|| and of course cannot convey the 
blessing which Aaron was appointed to convey. Yes, could I 
swell my voice, till it should reach from Canada to Mexico, and 
from the Atlantic to the Pacific shore, it should be lifted up to en- 
treat of all who heard it, to seek with their whole heart the Gos- 
pel of Christ, in the Church of Christ, — not to be content with the 
word of God, without that ministry and those sacraments, which 
are equally his ordinance, and equally essential to salvation, — 
but, for Christ's sake, for their own souls' sake, to cling to that di- 
vine institution of Episcopacy, of which the Holy Ghost was the 
author. I would offer to them the office of a Bishop, as the Angel 
flying in the midst of heaven, having the everlasting Gospel to 
preach unto them that dwell on the earth, and to every nation, 
and kindred, and tongue, and people, - !! — the agency on earth to 
which the care of souls has been entrusted, divinely authorized to 
propose the covenant of salvation, and to affix its seals. I would 
urge it upon them, not as of divine appointment merely, but as 
fitted beyond any thing that human wisdom can conceive of, to 

* St. John, xx. 23. t Numbers, xxiii. 19. J 2 Kings, v. 12. 

§ "Of the 500 disciples, there is surely no reason to believe that there were not many 
well qualified to instruct either a Jew or a, Gentile in the doctrines of the Gospel; and it 
is certain, that any one of them could have washed his convert with water, in the name of 
the Holy Trinity, as well as St. Peter or St. John : but such an unauthorized washing 
would not have been Christian baptism, nor of equal validity with it, any more than the 
opinion of a lawyer at the bar, is the judgment of acourt of justice, or of equal obligation. 
It is the commission of the sovereign which gives force to the judgment of the Court ; it is 
the commission of Christ which gives validity to baptism. The same reasoning is applica- 
ble to the Lord's Supper, which, if it be not administered by those who have authority 
for such administration, cannot be deemed a Sacrament of Christ's institution." — Article 
" Episcopacy," in the " Encyclopedia Britannica," third Edinburgh edition, vol. vi. 
p. 696. — A treatise the more remarkable, as the writer of it, after saying, (p. 700,) 
"In this short view of Episcopacy, it has been our endeavour to do justice to the subject, 
without suffering ourselves to be influenced by partiality or prejudice," adds, " as we 
ourselves are not Episcopalians, we have advanced nothing of our own." 

|| Hebrews, v. 4. 

1T Revelations, xiv. 6. In the Revelations, the Bishops of the seven Churches in Asia 
Minor, are addressed as the Angels of those Churches. 



16 

promote, in every possible way, the present interests, and the 
speedy consummation of the Redeemer's kingdom. 

1. Is it the perpetuation of the Church, in its ministry, sacra- 
ments, and worship, that is to be effected, as consonant with the 
will of Christ, and promotive of the salvation of man ? It is a 
transmission of authority that is contemplated. This must be 
done then, either by new grants continually repeated by the 
source of power, or by continued succession. If the latter, as 
both Scripture and reason plainly show, how admirable for faci- 
lity of access, for preservation of purity, and for certainty of verifi- 
cation, the arrangement, which, neither constituting one sole de- 
pository on earth, nor yet authorizing all who exercise, to confer 
the priestly office, has opened centres of authority at convenient 
distances, — so numerous, that none who wish to apply for it are 
incommoded — so limited, that each shall be ensured such impor- 
tance as shall maintain its dignity and influence — so distinct and 
clear, that from the venerable prelate, by whom the Episcopal 
authority is now, for the twenty-fifth time,* to be transmitted, 
the line of succession can be traced, direct and luminous, up to the 
Apostolic fountain. 

2. Is it the maintenance, in the Church, of Christian doc- 
trine, in integrity and purity, that is desired? What better 
security, with the word, and under the Spirit of God, than the 
office of a Bishop, — held by a man who has been raised from 
among his fellows to the highest station of human trust, and re- 
sponsible for it to his conscience, to the Church, and to his God, — ex- 
ercised in the careful examination of those whom he admits to 
orders, and in that anxious supervision of the instructions given 

* There have been consecrated for the American Church, to this date, thirty Bishops; — 
Bishop Seabury, of Connecticut, by Bishop Kilgour, of the Scottish Episcopal Church, 
Bishops Petrie and Skinner being present and assisting ; Bishops White, of Pennsylvania, 
and Provoost, of New-York, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Archbishop of York, 
the Bishop of Bath and Wells, and the Bishop of Peterborough, being present and assist- 
ing; Bishop Madison, of Virginia, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of London 
and Rochester, being present and assisting; Bishop Claggett of Maryland, by Bishop Pro- 
voost, Bishops Seabury, White, and Madison, being present and assisting ; and Bishops 
Smith, of South Carolina, Bass, of Massachusetts, Jarvis, of Connecticut, Moore, of New- 
York, Parker, of Massachusetts, Hobart, of New- York, Griswold, of the Eastern Diocese, 
Dehon, of South Carolina, Moore, of Virginia, Kemp, of Maryland, Croes, of New-Jersey, 
Bowen, of South Carolina, Chase, of Ohio, Brownell, of Connecticut, Ravenscroft, of 
North Carolina, Onderdonk, of Pennsylvania, Meade, of Virginia, Stone, of Maryland, On- 
derdonk, of New- Vork, Ives, of North Carolina, Hopkins, of Vermont, Smith, of Kentucky, 
MEvaine, of Ohio, Doane, of New-Jersey, and Otey, of Tennessee, all by Bishop White. Of 
the whole number,/ourteen have died- 



17 

by all who are under him to the people of his charge, which is 
incumbent on him by his solemn promise at his consecration — that 
he will ever be ready, the Lord being his helper, "with all faith- 
ful diligence, to banish and drive away from the Church all erro- 
neous and strange doctrine contrary to God's Word ; and, both pri- 
vately and openly, to call upon and encourage others to the same !"* 
3. Is it the due order and government of the Church, that is 
to be secured ? The analogy of all civil institutions points to the 
necessity of an executive head. The duty which devolves alike 
on all, is proverbially performed by none. Individual power, for 
the execution of measures which the community interested has, 
by its proper representatives, duly authorized, when made indivi- 
dually responsible, and fenced about with proper checks, is the 
true reliance for a government, whether civil or ecclesiastical, at 
once equitable and efficient,! — and such, pre-eminently, is the 
polity of that portion of Christ's Apostolic Church of which we are 
members. But the government of the Church is, for most pur- 
poses, and in most of its relations, a paternal government, and in 
this respect it is, that the office of a Bishop most commends itself, 
as an ecclesiastical ordinance, to the reason and to the affections 
of mankind. The Bishop is, or ought to be, the father of his flock, 
— their father in affectionate interest and devotion, in prudent 
care and management, in mild and persuasive intercourse, in 
gentle, but steady and decided discipline. Where he is such, he 
will as such be regarded. His sheep will know his voice.J He 

* Consecration Service, 

t There is an opinion sometimes expressed, that the Episcopal office, in this country, 
will not be sustained, in the maintenance of correct discipline. Happily, Bishops, like 
other men, are accountable for duties, not for consequences. They solemnly promise, 
"in the name of God," "conformity and obedience to the doctrine, discipline, and wor- 
ship of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America," and " dili- 
gently" to " exercise such discipline, as by the authority of God's word, and by the order 
of His Church, is committed to" them. What they have to do, then, is, to perform, so far 
as God gives them strength, what they have promised,— to "be so merciful," that they 
" be not too remiss," as well as so to " minister discipline," that they "forget not mercy." In 
this reasonable and scriptural course they will certainly be sustained. Obligation and au- 
thority are understood to be correlatives. Where responsibility is imposed, the power to 
meet it is universally conceded. Accountable for others, they will be upheld, in all that 
is necessary to rendering their account for them with joy. The common sense and gene- 
rous feeling of the community will uphold them by their suffrages and sympathy. God 
will uphold them by his grace. Let them be not faithless, but believing! Let them go 
straight forward, in the fear of God, and they need have no other fear ! 

t St. John, x. 4. 



18 

calleth them all by their names,* and they follow him whither- 
soever he goeth. His under shepherds, knowing that what is 
their care for their particular portions, such, and far greater, — 
as his responsibility to men and God is greater, — is his for the 
whole fold, will receive with a glad mind and will, his godly di- 
rections and admonitions.! He will lead his flock through green 
pastures, and by still waters.± There will be no competition, but 
who shall love the most, and serve God the most acceptably. 
And the very idea of government, like the atmospheric pressure, 
the more effectual because it is not felt, will be merged in the de- 
lightful peace and concord of a happy Christian family. Truly, 
most truly, does admirable Hooker say," a Bishop in whom there 
did plainly appear the marks and tokens of a fatherly affection 
towards them that are under his charge, what good might he do! 
Ten thousand ways more than any man knows how to set down."§ 
4. That the government of the Church, so administered, will 
most effectually subserve its unity, all must see. Though many 
members, we are in fact, and ought to be in feeling, but " one body 
in Christ."|| " That they all may be one ; as thou, Father, art in 
me, and I in thee, that they also may be one in us," was the Sa- 
viour's touching prayer ; and its object, as himself stated, " that 
the world may believe that thou hast sent me."1T Now this unity, 
it is an obvious arithmetical deduction, can be sooner and better 
effected where masses of united individuals are to be drawn to- 
gether, than where all exist as units. It is moreover not to be an 
unity by constraint, a Procrustean unity, — some to be cut off a 
little, and some to be a little stretched, — but an unity by moral 
and religious influence, an " unity of the Spirit, in the bond of 
peace,"** — that blessed unity of purpose and of hope, which the 
Spirit works in hearts which are knit together in love. The 
office of a Bishop, then, wherever it becomes the centre of a confid- 

* There is great value in this particular of the Pastor's office, taken literally. Cyrus un- 
derstood it well, as applied to soldiers ; (see Cyropaedia, book v. in Hutchinson's fifth edition, 
London, 1756, pp. 278, 9,) and the late Bishop Hobart practised it with admirable success. It 
deserves the notice of Bishops as well as Pastors. — " Overlook not," says Ignatius, Bishop of 
Antioch, to Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna, " Overlook not the men-servants and maid-ser- 
vants." This is as true to wisdom as it is to humility. What 6hall be thought of him, 
who, from this touching precept, could coldly argue that Polycarp must have been the 
pastor of a single church ? 

t Ordinal for Deacons, and for Priests. X Psalm, xxiii. 2. § Ecclesiastical Polity, 
book vii. sec. 3. || Romans, xii. 5. IF St. John, xvii. 21. ** Ephesians, iv. 8. 



19 

ing and united diocese, impels, with a force second only to that grace 
of God with which it is designed to work together, toward that 
" unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God,"* which 
will be the completion of our happiness, as it is the perfection 
of our spiritual and immortal nature. 

5. To promote the unity, is, of necessity, to promote the increase 
and prosperity of the Church. J^ut besides this, there are other 
ways in which the office of a Bishop-is the most efficient of all 
human agencies in the extension of her borders. The Apostles 
were Christ's pioneers. In this, as in other respects, Bishops are 
their legitimate successors. They go to their respective fields of 
labour, as Titus went to Crete, with power to complete the or- 
ganization of the Church, and to supply it with labourers. They 
present the Church entire. In the language of an ancient eccle- 
siastical maxim, they are the Church. "The Church is in the 
Bishop."f Its power is in his hands. Its interests are in his 
heart. He is its chief missionary. He proclaims the Gospel in 
it. He administers the sacraments in it. Wherever he goes, 
he sets up the banner of the blessed Cross. He calls on men to 
rally round it. He lifts up the blessed Saviour, crucified for their 
sins, to draw them to it. J As of old, they that gladly receive the 
word are baptized.§ As of old, the Lord adds to the Church, 
multitudes of such as shall be saved. || As of old, they, by 
grace, continue " steadfast in the Apostles' doctrine and fellow- 
ship, and in breaking of bread and in prayers."1F 

6. But in vain would it serve these purposes, if the office of a 
Bishop did not also promote the spirituality of the Church. 
The end for which Christ came into the world, the end for 
which he suffered on the Cross, the end for which he institu- 
ted the Church, was the restoration of lost man to the favour 
and image of God. It was for this that he poured out his blood, 
that they might be " justified by faith."** It was for this that he 
poured out the Spirit, that they who believe in him might be 
" created" anew " in righteousness and true holiness."tt The 
kingdom of God without exists solely for this end, that the king- 
dom of God, the reign of grace, may be formed within. To this 
especial end, therefore, the Christian Bishop directs all his efforts. 

* Ephesians, iv. 13. t " Ecclesia est in Episcopo." Cypriani Epislolcr, Ixvi. Ed. Oxon 
t St. John, xii. 32. § Acts, ii. 41. |j Acts, ii. 47. IT Acts, ii. 42. ** Komann, v. / 
tt Ephesians, iv. 24. 



20 

He watches for souls, as knowing that he must give account* 
Nay, he watches over them that watch for souls. He warns 
every man, and teaches every man, " that he may present every 
man perfect in Christ Jesus. "j His instructions, his example, his 
influence, his prayers, all tend to the edification of his flock. 
His clergy are encouraged thus to greater exertions. He goes 
before them in diligence and self-denial. By kind counsel, 
and timely assistance, he lightens, while he increases, their la- 
bours. He commends them to the people of their several cures. 
He brings his influence in aid of theirs. He makes himself known 
unto them all, in love, in faith, in charity, and purity. And by 
continual prayer for people and for priests, woos down for them 
the help and guidance of God's gracious Spirit, making them 
fruitful here unto holiness, that their end, through Christ, may be 
eternal life.i 

III. Instituted for such purposes, charged with such objects, the 
highest and the holiest that can be named or sought on earth, the 
oflice of a Bishop, it will at once be seen, can be no sinecure. 
See, how, for language to express its various, arduous duties, the 
Apostle Labours, in his glowing delineation of them to Timothy, — 
"preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, 
rebuke, exhort, with all long-suffering and doctrine. Watch thou 
in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist, 
make full proof of thy ministry." 

1. It is the duty of all ministers of Christ to preach the word, but 
emphatically it is the Bishop's duty. To him " a dispensation of 
the Gospel is committed ;"§ and, charged as he is with a chief mi- 
nistry in Christ's Church, wo is unto him if he preach it not !|| He is 
to be careful that what he preaches is indeed " the word," — the 
whole, unadulterated counsel of the LordA If he convince not 
men of sin,** as guilty, miserable, and helpless before God; if he 
proclaim not " Christ CRUciFiED,"ff as their only refuge and reli- 
ance ; if he affirm not constantly that " we are accounted righte- 
ous before God, only for the merit of our Lord and Saviour Jesus 
Christ, by faith ;"±± if he insist not constantly on the necessity of 

* Hebrews, xiii. 17. t Colossians. i. 28. | Romans, vi. 22. $ 1 Corinthians, 

ix. 17. || 1 Corinthians, ix. 16. IT Acts, xx. 27. ** John, xvi. 8. ft 1 Corin- 

thian*, i. 23. ft Article XI. 



21 

that new creation of the heart, by the divine Spirit, in righteous- 
ness and true holiness, without which none can see the Lord ;* if 
he set not forth, inseparably from these great principles, the 
Church of Christ, as, through its ministry and sacraments, the in- 
stituted medium of union with that divine "Head over all things,"f 
without whom we can do nothing ; ± — if such be not the terms and 
tenour of his preaching, he preaches "another Gospel,"§ he 
preaches not " the word." — Preaching this living and life-giv- 
ing word, he is to preach it instantly, — as knowing that eternity 
hangs on its declarations; as knowing that unto whomsoever he 
preaches it, it must be the " savour of life unto life," or — alas, for 
him, if he fail to preach it instantly, earnestly, with his whole 
heart, and with his whole soul ! — of death, unto eternal death. || — 
Preaching the word instantly, he is to preach it, in season, out 
of season. He must count the time of edifying Christ's flock as 
ever present. He must be always ready, and in all places, to 
preach " the unsearchable riches of Christ ;"H never sparing his 
strength, his time, or his pains, while there is a soul for whom He 
shed his blood that may be lost,** nor counting his very life dear 
unto himself, so that he may finish his course with joy, and " the 
ministry which he has received of the Lord Jesus."tt — The word 
which he is to preach instantly, in season and out of season, that 
it may have its portion for all,JJ is to be preached in all the seve- 
ral varieties of reproof, rebuke, and exhortation ; — reproving, or 
rather convincing, unbelievers, and them that oppose themselves, 
— rebuking inconsistent followers of Christ, who name his holy 
name, and yet depart not from all iniquity,§§ — and exhorting to 
higher measures of faith, and greater advances in godliness, all 
to whom his voice can reach. Not being discouraged because his 
labour seems to fail of its result, but with all long-suffering. Not 
contented with a single mode of exhortation, but with all doc- 
trine ; — in every practicable way of teaching, in public and in 
private, by sermons and familiar lectures, in the sanctuary and 
"from house to house,"|||| by catechetical instruction and in daily 
conversation — never ceasing his labour, his care and diligence, 
until he have done all that lieth in him, according to his bounden 

* 2 Corinthians, v. 17. Ephesians, iv. 24. Hebrews, xii. 14. t Ephesians, i. 22. 

t John. xv. 5. § Galatians, i. 9. || 2 Corinthians, ii. 16. IT Ephesians, iii. 8. ** 1 Co- 
rinthians, viii. 11. tt Acts, xx. 24. tl Luke xii. 42. $$ 2 Timothy, ii. 19. |||| Acts, 
xx. 20. 



22 

duty, to bring all such as are committed to his charge " unto that 
agreement in the faith and knowledge of God, and to that ripeness 
and perfectness of age in Christ, that there be no place left 
among them, either for error in religion, or viciousness in life."* 

2. It is the duty of the Christian Bishop, secondly, to watch in 
all things. He is first to watch over himself ;t and this, not 
only because of the frailty of his own nature, but because a fail- 
ure in him must tempt others into failure. But chiefly is he the 
watchman of the Church. To him the sentence of the prophet 
expressly addresses itself, " Son of man, I have set thee a watch- 
man unto the house of Israel;" J and he lives, or should live, under 
the continual apprehension of that fearful warning — " if the 
watchman see the sword come, and blow not the trumpet, and the 
people be not warned ; if the sword come and take any person 
from among them, he is taken away in his iniquity ; but his blood 
will I require at the watchman's hands."§ In a word, he is 
charged with all the interests, temporal and spiritual, of the 
Church of Christ committed to his care, and it becomes him most 
emphatically to " watch in all things;" — to watch, that he may be 
ready to banish and drive away from the Church all erroneous 
and strange doctrines contrary to God's word, — to watch, that 
neither clergy nor people be beguiled by the artifice of them that 
are without, or by the " fear of man" which " bringeth a snare,"|| 
into practices or omissions inconsistent with the order, discipline, 
or worship of the Church, — to watch, that the temptations of the 
world, the flesh, and the devil, prevail not with them, to draw 
back from their profession of Christ, and make shipwreck of their 
souls,1T — to ivatch, that no opportunity be lost for extending the 
borders of the Church, nor any means withheld to multiply the 
numbers of its believing members, — to watch, that no pains nor 
prayer be spared, to make all who are within its folds " a people 
prepared for the Lord,"** — and, finally, to he found watching,^ 
that when his Lord shall come, he may enter with him into his 
kingdom. 

3. Especially it is the Christian Bishop's duty, or rather, when 
he considers his divine Lord, and the blessed Apostles, his glorious 

* Office for the Ordering of Priests. t 1 Timothy, iv. 16. 1 Corinth, ix. 27. X Eze- 
kiel, xxxiii. 7. § Ezekiel, xxxiii. 6. || Proverbs, xxix. 25. IT Hebrews, x. 39. 1 Tim. 
i. 19. ** Luke, i. 17. tt Luke, xii. 37. 



23 

privilege, to endure afflictions. Like them, to suffer the loss of 
all things,* and to labour, working with his own hands,! and to 
have no certain dwelling place,i — like them, to go for truth and 
principle against the popular current, and bear with meekness 
the contradiction of sinners,§ — like them, to take his life in his 
hand, and w T here duty leads, to follow, even through the grave ; — 
remembering always, that not to suffer with Christ is not to reign 
withhim,|| while to be found faithful unto death, is to receive the 
crown of lifeA 

4. When the Apostle charges Timothy to " do the work of an 
Evangelist ," and "make full proof of his ministry," he is not so 
much to be understood as enjoining distinct precepts, as sum- 
ming up all the particulars of his official duty in two com- 
prehensive declarations; that whatever might have been omitted 
may thus be secured, and attention to the whole made doubly 
sure. An evangelist, literally, a bringer of glad tidings, 
is a preacher of the Gospel; and this the Christian Bishop, as we 
have seen, is eminently to be. He is indeed, in the proper meaning 
of the primitive title of his office, *flpostle, (one sent,) a missiona- 
ry, the Missionary, by eminence, of his diocese. And never is he 
acting more in the spirit of it, than when, like the great first mis- 
sionaries, and Him who was greater than they all, he goes out, 
where none have been before him, " to give light to them that sit 
in darkness,"** to bring " good tidings of good," to publish salva- 
tion,tt to preach the Gospel to the poor.it 

5. Whatever yet remains of the duties of the Christian Bishop 
may be included in the remaining precept of St. Paul, " make 
full proof of thy ministry" — do all with diligence and decision 
which is included in its broad commission. It may be questioned 
whether the full pow T er and value of the office of a Bishop has, 
since the Apostles' times, been seen. Clothed with such powers, 
conferred for such purposes, it is impossible that too much should 
be expected from it, or that too much should be attempted by it. 
The Christian Bishop, whose heart is in his work, has an autho- 
rity, an influence, an opportunity, which even an angel might 
aspire to, which an angel might tremble to assume. Remember- 

* Philippians, iii. 8. t 1 Corinthians, iv. 12. % 1 Corinthians, iv. 11. $ He- 

brews, xii. 3. || 2 Timothy, ii. 12. IT Revelations, ii. 11. ** Luke, i.79. tt Isaiah, 
iii. 7. \\ Matthew, v- 11. 



24 

ing that he holds so rich a treasure in an earthen vessel,* let him 
not be high-minded, but fear.f Remembering for what it was 
given, let him give himself wholly to the work.± Remembering 
by whom it was given, and who has promised to be with him,§ 
let him shrink from no hazard, shun no self-denial, withhold him- 
self from no danger, nor from death itself, when God and duty 
call.|| 

IV. For, the responsibility — let him remember ! — the responsi- 
bility of his high station is ineffable, is tremendous; and the en- 
gagement under which he assumes it, — " I charge thee before 
God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and 
dead at his appearing and his kingdom," — is an appeal to the 
dread Searcher of all hearts, which will confront him at the last 
great day, and, in its issues of unmingled bliss and wo, go with him 
through eternity ! 

Beloved friend, toward whom, in our brief intercourse, my 
heart has kindled with unwonted fervour, — my brother, soon to 
oe, in bonds, which death, I trust, will but make closer and im- 
mortal, — to the office of a Bishop, in its original purposes so high, 
and in'its duties and responsibilities so far beyond our utmost hu- 
man strength, — I give you, in God's name, a hearty welcome. 
You have not come here, I am well assured, from the far land in 



* 2 Corinthians, iv.7. t Romans, xi. 20. \ 1 Timothy, iv. 15. " Totus in ilHs." 

St. Matthew, xxviii. 20. 

|| On this subject the Christian Bishop may learn excellent lessons from those, his pre- 
decessors in the episcopal office, who, from the period at which they lived, are commonly 
known as Apostolical Fathers. " Chains," says Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna, writing to 
the Philippians, " the fitting ornament of saints, the crowns of those who are chosen of 
God, and our Lord." (sec. 1.) " Chains," says Ignatius, Bishop of Anlioch, writing to the 
Church at Smyrna, "which are the fittest ornament of a servant of God." (sec. 11.) 
*' Only that we be found," says the same Bishop, writing to the Ephesians, " only that we 
be found in Christ Jesus, unto true life. Let nothing become you besides him ; for whom 
also I bear about these bonds, these spiritual jewels," (sec. 11.) In like manner, at a 
later period, writes Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage, — " Dicatis Deo hominibus, et fidemsuam 
religiosa virtute testantibus, ornamenta sunt ista, non vincula : [ornaments, not chains, 
nee Christianorum pedes ad infamiam copulant, sed clarificant ad coronam. O pedes fe- 
liciter vincti, qui non a fabro, sed Domino resolvuntnr ! O pedes feliciter vincti, qui iti- 
nere salutari ad paradisum diriguntur ! O pedes in saeeulo ad praesens ligati, ut sint sem_ 
per ad Dominum liberi !" (Epist. 76. ed. Fell.) Nor was it in writing only, that these were 
eloquent men, but in suffering for the truth, — since they all endured martyrdom for their 
faith in Christ ; Polycarp being burnt, Ignatius torn by wild beasts, and Cyprian be- 
headed. 



25 

which your children dwell, without first counting all the cost. 
" It is indeed," as St. Chrysostom saith, " a thing highly to be ac- 
counted of, but a hard thing to be what a Bishop should be." 
"The travels and crosses," saith judicious Hooker, " wherewith 
prelacy is never unaccompanied, they which feel them know how 
heavy and how great they are."* But for Christ, with Christ, 
in Christ, what shall be esteemed hard by us, — what shall be ac- 
counted heavy by us, — what shall be reckoned great by us ? — 
Welcome, then, friend and brother, — welcome, in God's name, to 
that chiefest of the ministers of Christ, which makes us the most 
his servants! 

I congratulate the Church in these United States that you 
are here. I congratulate him, our Father in the Lord, 
most venerated and best beloved, that, through our whole broad 
land, from Maine well nigh to Louisiana,! he is permitted to 
see a chain of Christian Bishops, who, from the imposition 
of his hands, have all received the Holy Ghost. I congratu- 
late the diocese of Tennessee, that her ecclesiastical organiza- 
tion is now to be completed, in the elevation to her episcopate, of 
one, from whose simplicity and godly sincerity, whose erect and 
manly bearing, whose uncompromising pursuit of principle, whose 
entire dependence upon God, she has so much, with His blessing, 
to expect. I congratulate you, my brother, that with your years, 
your strength, your gifts, your principles, you are entering on 
such a field. You go, to " set in order the things which are want- 
ing" in a territory of 45,000 square miles. You go, to bear the 
" Gospel in the Church," to a population of 750,000 souls. To 
fair and fertile fields, wasted with blighting heresies, and torn 
with distracting schisms, you carry with you the comfortable 
Gospel of the blessed Jesus, with the pure, peaceful, perma- 



* Ecclesiastical Polity, Book vii. sec. 3. 

t The Bishops, as connected with their dioceses, are, at present, these, beginning at the 
North : — Bishop Griswold, of the Eastern Diocese, which includes Maine, New-Hamp- 
shire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island,— Bishop Hopkins, of Vermont,— Bishop Brownell, 
of Connecticut,— Bishop B. T. Onderdonk, of New-York,— Bishop Doane, ofNew-Jersey,— 
Bishop White, (presiding in the House of Bishops,) and Bishop H. U. Onderdonk. 
of Pennsylvania,— Bishop Stone, of Maryland,— Bishop Moore, and Bishop Meade, 
of Virginia,— Bishop Ives, of North Carolina,— Bishop Bowen, of South Carolina,— Bishop 
M'llvaine, of Ohio,— Bishop Smith, of Kentucky,— and Bishop Otey, of Tennessee. Bishop 
Chase, having resigned the diocese of Ohio, resides in Michigan. 



2$ 

nent provisions of the Church of the Holy Ghost, and invite all 
who are weary and heavy laden to find rest for their souls. 
With our whole hearts we say, Go, and the Lord be with you ! 
I follow you along your dista nt way. I lift, as man may lift, the 
curtain of the future. I see those fair and fertile fields rejoicing 
in prosperity and peace. I hear, from the green shades of those 
deep forests, from the cliffs of those dark mountains, and the gen- 
tle windings of those broad still streams, one choral song of grati- 
tude and love. Religion pure and undefiled has cleansed the 
fountains of the public morals. A sound and Christian philosophy 
has given its healthful vigour to the public mind. The institu- 
tions of Christ are established. The worship which the saints re- 
joiced in is restored. Every where I see the Church. Every 
where, the Cross of the Lord Jesus Christ. Thy children are all 
taught of the Lord, and great is the peace of thy children. 

Brother, may it be so ! May the Lord's work prosper in your 
hands ! May your career be serene and tranquil as the beautiful 
native appellation of your own Tennessee,* — the presage, 
through the merits of a merciful Redeemer, of the eternal sere- 
nity of heaven ! And, when the time comes — as come it must — 
when you shall speak as a dying man to those for whom you have 
to give account, recalling the people of your charge, " as Chris- 
tians and as Churchmen, to those pure principles of primitive 
truth and order, which alone give to the religion of the Gospel its 
practical importance, as the prescribed institution of the wisdom 
of God for the salvation of sinners, — which alone give to the visible 
Church, ministry, and sacraments, any definite purpose in the eco- 
nomy of grace, — which alone give to the faith of the Gospel its cove- 
nanted character, and to the hope of eternal life, through the merits 
of the divine Saviour, the support of divine assurance," — may you 
be enabled, may you be disposed, to say, with that good old man, 
at whose feet it was your privilege to sit — need I here name the 
honoured name of Bishop Ravenscroft ? — " On these principles, 
derived from the Bible, and from the Bible alone, — searched for 
among the various accessible denominations of Christian profes- 
sion, but found only in the Church, — I shall go, God being my 
helper, to my account !"t 

* Tennessee, is an Indian word, meaning serene, tranquil, placid. 
t Third Charge, delivered in 1828, Works, vol. I. pp. 466, 7. 



27 

For that severe account may we, in God's great mercy, be pre- 
pared ! And unto him that is able to keep us from falling, and to 
present us faultless before the presence of his glory with exceed- 
ing joy ; to the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, 
dominion and power, both now and ever.f Amen, 



* Jude, 24. 



28 



NOTICES OF THE CONSECRATION. 



The Rev. James Hervey Otey, D. D., Rector of St. Paul's Church, Franklin, 
was elected Bishop of the diocese of Tennessee, on the 29th day of June, 1833. 

He was consecrated in Christ Church, in the city of Philadelphia, on Tuesday, 
January 14, 1834, by the Right Rev. William White, D. D., Bishop of the 
Diocese of Pennsylvania, presiding in the House of Bishops ; assisted by the Right 
Rev. Henry Ustick Onderdonk, D. D., Assistant Bishop of the Diocese of Penn- 
sylvania ; the Right Rev. Benjamin Tredwell Onderdonk, D. D., Bishop of the 
Diocese of New- York, and the Right Rev. George Washington Doane, D. D., 
Bishop of the Diocese of New-Jersey. 

Morning Prayers were read by the Rev. William H. De Lancey, D. D., Assist- 
ant Minister of St. Peter's Church, Philadelphia. 

- The Epistle in the Consecration Service was read by the Right Rev. Benjamin 
T. Onderdonk, D. D. 

The Gospel and the Litany, were read by the Right Rev. Henry U. Onder- 
donk, D. D. 

The Sermon was preached by the Right Rev. George W. Doane, D. D. 

The Bishop-elect was presented by the Right Rev. B. T. Onderdonk, and the 
Right Rev. G. W. Doane, the junior Bishops present. 

The proceedings of the Convention of the Diocese of Tennessee, were read by 
the Rev. George Boyd, Rector of St. John's Church, Philadelphia. 

The testimonials of the Standing Committees of the several Dioceses, were read 
by the Rev. William C. Mead, D. D., Rector of Trinity Church, Philadelphia. 

The letters of consent from the Bishops of the several Dioceses, were read by 
the Rev. Jehu C. Clay, Rector of the Swedish Churches, near Philadelphia. 

The Bishop-elect was attended by the Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, D. D., Rector of 
the Church of the Epiphany, Philadelphia, and the Rev. John W. James, Assistant 
Minister of Christ Church, Philadelphia. 

The Holy Communion was administered by Bishop White, assisted by Bishop 
H. U. Onderdonk, Bishop B. T. Onderdonk, Bishop Doane, and Bishop Otey. 



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